Archive for November, 2008

Cuba: El país más justo y libre

Friday, November 28th, 2008

 

El canciller cubano Felipe Pérez Roque visitó recientemente Moscú donde, según reporte de Prensa Latina, declaró: “Cuba trabaja para convertirse en el país más justo y más libre del planeta”. En opinión del funcionario para alcanzar esa meta solo se necesita que le quiten “de encima el bloqueo”.

El afán de crear “el país más justo y más libre del planeta” es de gran atractivo para quienquiera que desee el bienestar de los cubanos. Ya que el canciller considera “el bloqueo” el único obstáculo para lograr este fin vale la pena un examen más riguroso del tema.  El mero concepto de un bloqueo comercial se desvanece con el dato de que Estados Unidos es el quinto socio comercial del gobierno de Cuba. Por lo tanto es inaceptable la versión de nación sitiada expuesta por el canciller cubano.

La realidad es que EE.UU tiene sólidas relaciones comerciales con la isla como evidencian cifras reveladas en YahooNews de acuerdo a las que, desde enero hasta el 15 de noviembre del presente año, el gobierno cubano había importado la cifra record de 536 millones de dólares en productos estadounidenses. Vale destacar la forma de pago de esas importaciones ya que mientras el Estado de Cuba abona en efectivo el costo de las transacciones con compañías americanas no paga ni un centavo de la deuda contraída con otros socios comerciales.

Obviamente el embargo no es el obstáculo que le impide a Cuba ser el país más justo del orbe (como desea Pérez Roque) sino que existen otras trabas. Una de ellas podría ser el fenómeno descrito desde Cuba por Vladimiro Roca en su artículo “¿El fin de la explotación del hombre por el hombre?”. En este reporte se detalla como a los choferes de la empresa estatal Cubataxi se les paga el 30 por ciento de la recaudación diaria -cifra aceptable en opinión del redactor- pero al mismo tiempo él explica que en la Cuba de hoy “siempre hay un pero” como es la existencia de dos monedas nacionales (los CUP o chavitos y los CUC o pesos), tasas de cambio arbitrarias, y la obligación legal de cambiar el dinero extranjero recaudado, normas que reducen el sueldo de esos taxistas del 30 por ciento al 1.2 por ciento. Además, los choferes pagan los gastos por mantenimiento de sus carros y para rematar tienen que entregar el 40 por ciento de las propinas al empleador Cubataxi. El periodista concluye que los salarios de esos taxistas quedan finalmente reducidos a cifras miserables.

En contraste con la situación de los trabajadores de Cubataxi, Roca describe el modo de vida de funcionarios como Felipe Pérez Roque. Al respecto él revela en su escrito que: “la nomenclatura vive en las mejores casas de los mejores repartos del lugar de residencia, les reparan las viviendas periódicamente; tienen automóviles que les cambian cada 5 años, con toda la gasolina que quieran; compran en tiendas especiales con acceso a mercancías que no están disponibles ni en las tiendas de recaudación de divisas; vacacionan en casas y hoteles para ellos, a precios muy por debajo del que tendrían que pagar obreros o personas comunes; cuando se les rompen los efectos electrodomésticos, los cambian, no los reparan”.

Considerando el vigoroso comercio entre los Estados Unidos y el gobierno de Cuba, viendo la manera como éste se aprovecha financieramente de los taxistas y demás trabajadores, se puede afirmar que entre los obstáculos para establecer una situación económica justa no cuenta el presunto bloqueo mencionado por Pérez Roque sino las leyes impuestas por el estado que él representa. Esas normas injustas ahogan al laborioso pero premian, con privilegios inmerecidos, la lealtad política de los funcionarios. ¡Así nunca habrá justicia!

La segunda parte de la aseveración del canciller donde él expresa su deseo de que Cuba se convierta en el país más libre del mundo será objeto de análisis en otro post pero de momento conviene recordar el artículo escrito desde Cuba por Frank Correa, títulado “La visita de Severo Sarduy”, donde el autor trata la censura infligida por el gobierno a personalidades notorias de la cultura cubana como Lezama Lima, Cabrera Infante, Heberto Padilla, Reinaldo Arenas … por citar cuatro de ellos a fin de no extender este espacio más de lo debido. De ser cierto que Pérez Roque quiere convertir a Cuba en el país más libre del planeta podría comenzar por permitirle a los cubanos leer las obras de los escritores nacionales que han sido censurados. No es creíble que el embargo comercial estadounidense al gobierno de Cuba tenga relación alguna con la medida impuesta por éste prohibiéndole a los cubanos leer obras literarias de sus compatriotas porque el cese de esas restricciones económicas no provocaría el acceso a las obras de los mencionados escritores. Sí lo que desea el canciller es libertad primero debe comprender que ser libre incluye el derecho a leer sin censura, razón por la que se debe levantar toda restricción para leer las obras literarias de esas figuras trascendentales de la cultura cubana.

 

José A. Hernández, MD

CubaResponde

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National Geographic lauds Cuba’s sustainable development environmental award from World Wildlife Fund (WWF)

Thursday, November 20th, 2008

Is National Geographic (NG) unaware 
that in Cuba possession of their magazine, 
by a Cuban citizen, 
is considered subversive and 
could land the individual in jail? 


Recently National Geographic website posted a video lauding the “achievements” of Cuba as “the only country that meets the criteria for sustainable development from the conservation group WWF.” The purpose of this post is not to analyze the merits of this recognition. That topic will be covered in another post. Instead, the attention of CubaResponde is prompted by the inexplicable or apathetic silence of NG on the topic of Cuban censorship on their magazine, specifically when it is in the possession of natives of the island. (See the story of Lázaro Ricardo Pérez García below).

NG’s apathy can be discerned through the story surrounding the posted video. Julia Langer, who represents WWF-Canada on the WWF delegation to United Nations, is shown investigating the commitment to sustainable development by the largest of the Antilles. The video shows her visiting without difficulties different agricultural locales while freely mingling with “common” people. 

The clear message is that access to any place associated with sustainable development, and by inference, any books, magazines or supporting material with the same goal, is readily available in Cuba. It then follows that NG, by posting this video on their website, without any mention of censorship, agrees with the message of Julia Langer, and that NG magazine enjoys similar access to the public as it would in any country. To most this seems as such an innocuous conclusion that to even consider challenging it appears as hysteria from the Cubans in Miami; but, is there more to the story?

To appreciate the naïveté of expecting that Cuba will behave as any other country, as portrayed in the video and subsumed by NG, it is worth contrasting the message of the video with the real life story of Lázaro Ricardo Pérez García.

In August, 2008 Aleaga Pesant, a Cuban independent journalists, reported Pérez García’s saga with the Cuban authorities. The journalists described an episode when Pérez García was disembarking from a cargo ship with packages that contained books and magazines, including National Geographic. The final destination of this literary load was an independent library on the Isle of Youth.  Members of the National Revolutionary Police noticed the package and confiscated the books and magazines in Pérez García’s possession. Angel, a policeman whose duty is to control democratic opposition in the neighborhood, conducted this police operative. He told Pérez García that National Geographic is “imperialistic literature”, probably obtained at the American Interest Section, and had to be confiscated. Meanwhile Pérez García was detained for three hours.

It is unlikely that NG considers their magazine “imperialistic literature”, which leads to the query: Why does NG show a video lauding a country that censors their magazine as “imperialistic literature”? Many possibilities come to mind but one conclusion is inevitable: NG, as long as they can promote their agenda, is not concerned about censorship, at least not in Cuba.

José A Hernández, MD
CubaResponde
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Escríbanos con sus opiniones a cubaresponde@cubaresponde.org
Las cartas deberán de incluir el título del articulo, y el nombre completo y ciudad del autor. Algunas de estas serán publicadas como comentarios al final del artículo.

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Lula pide retiro unilateral del embargo a Cuba

Friday, November 14th, 2008

Durante su reciente visita a Roma el presidente de Brasil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, según un reporte de EFE publicado en ‘Cuba en español”, pidió “al presidente electo de los Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, que retire el embargo unilateral de su país” hacia Cuba.

CubaResponde se pregunta: ¿Por qué el presidente Lula no incluyo en su propuesta a los disidentes cubanos en la isla? Parece obvio que si se trata de propuestas que afectarían el futuro de Cuba, como es el caso con el tema del embargo, los disidentes en la isla deberían ser consultados; sin embargo, el presidente brasileño los menosprecia totalmente manteniendo un silencio abrumador acerca de estos. Viendo este comportamiento del dignatario brasileño, no es nada sorprendente que tampoco le pareció importante hacer referencias sobre las violaciones de los derechos humanos y la falta de libertad que se sufre en la isla, las razones por la cual el gobierno americano mantiene el embargo.

Lo que es sorprendente, dado que Lula considera que “Obama tiene la fuerza y la autoridad política”, es que Lula no haya mostrado más curiosidad y respeto a los pronunciamientos de Obama sobre este tema. Como se ha publicado en CubaResponde, basado en publicaciones de CNN y del New YorkTimes, Obama ha declarado que su guía sobre el caso de Cuba se pude resumir bajo el término “Libertad. ” Obama considera que “el camino hacia la libertad en Cuba tiene que empezar por ofrecer justicia para los presos políticos, el derecho a la libertad de expresión, una prensa libre, el derecho a reunirse libremente y tiene que haber elecciones libres e imparciales.” ¿Y como piensa Obama alcanzar estas metas? “Mantendré el embargo”, explicando que es el único camino posible para poder influenciar a que el gobierno cubano lleve a cabo estos cambios.

Lula no se ha dado por enterado de estas palabras de Obama a pesar que ha subrayado “el significado histórico de la entrada de un político de origen afroamericano en la Casa Blanca” proponiendo “que Obama no puede fallar.” Para Lula esto supone que Obama retiraría el embargo sin relacionar este cambio diplomático con el comportamiento de Cuba. Seria interesante preguntarle al presidente brasileño si el hecho que Obama se ha preocupado por los presos políticos y las violaciones de los derechos humanos y civiles en Cuba antes de hacer ningún cambio en su política hacia Cuba, como Obama se ha expresado, significa que Obama ha fallado.

José A Hernández, MD
Presidente, CubaResponde

Lula vuelve a pedir a Obama que retire el embargo a Cuba

BY EFE
ROMA
El presidente de Brasil, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva pide al presidente electo de los Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, que retire el embargo unilateral de su país que pesa sobre Cuba para favorecer el cambio del régimen político en la isla caribeña.

“Retirar un bloqueo que no tiene ya sentido es el primer paso para favorecer el inicio de una transición sobre la isla”, afirma Lula da Silva en una entrevista que publica hoy el diario “La Repubblica” y que el presidente brasileño concedió este miércoles a algunos medios de comunicación italianos en Roma.

“Obama tiene la fuerza y la autoridad política para cambiar las relaciones entre Cuba y los Estados Unidos”, añade el presidente de Brasil, quien este martes pudo hablar con el futuro inquilino de la Casa Blanca en una conversación telefónica.

Lula da Silva, que finaliza hoy su viaje oficial a Italia y al Vaticano, con una audiencia con el Papa, Benedicto XVI, cree que Obama afrontará de un modo nuevo no sólo las relaciones exteriores de Estados Unidos, sino también el conflicto en Oriente Medio.

“Es tal la perspectiva que se ha creado en todo el mundo en torno a estas elecciones estadounidenses, y es tal el significado histórico de la entrada de un político de origen afroamericano en la Casa Blanca, que Obama no puede fallar, y como parece una persona más bien inteligente, creo que no fallará”, comenta el mandatario.

El presidente de Brasil espera que Obama lleve a cabo en EEUU una política económica que favorezca a los más pobres y a las clases medias, y que redistribuya la riqueza económica del país.

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Escríbanos con sus opiniones a cubaresponde@cubaresponde.org
Las cartas deberán de incluir el título del articulo, y el nombre completo y ciudad del autor. Algunas de estas serán publicadas como comentarios al final del artículo.

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Obama and the Cuban embargo – 11-09-10

Monday, November 10th, 2008

Multiple publications throughout the globe view the Nov 4 victory of Obama as a prelude to the lifting of the US embargo towards Cuba. For example, writing from the United Nations, Edith M. Lederer of the Associated Press, reports that Cuba’s foreign minister, Felipe Perez Roque, advised that the next US president should lift the embargo. The article further elaborates on this point emphasizing the recent UN vote that supported repeal of the US economic and commercial embargo by its highest margin ever. The Huffington Post Sarah Stephens, in line with the view of Cuba’s foreign minister, stressed that Obama owes nothing to the “hard-liners in the exile community” and should “fundamentally rethink U.S. policy toward Cuba.” And the Spanish Foreign Minister Miguel Moratinos, accentuating a similar theme, was reported stating that after talking to Obama’s team he is comfortable that “there will be a different (U.S.) attitude towards the Cuban authorities.”

These publications, and many others, give the impression that the new administration should and will lift the embargo (a distinctly different issue from removing the travel and remittances restrictions, a move that CubaResponde has supported).

It is interesting that none of these articles report on what Barack Obama has said about the embargo. In the only pronouncement he offered on this subject as reported by CNN during his campaign, Mr Obama said, “My policy toward Cuba will be guided by one word: ‘libertad,’ ” using the Spanish word for liberty; and continued “The road to freedom for all Cubans must begin with justice for Cuba’s political prisoners, the right of free speech, a free press, freedom of assembly, and it must lead to elections that are free and fair,” Obama then cemented these promises by claiming: “That is my commitment.”

And how does Obama plan to achieve these goals? The newly elected president, as reported by The New York Times, stated: “Don’t be confused about this. I will maintain the embargo,” Mr. Obama said. He continued, “It provides us with the leverage to present the regime with a clear choice: If you take significant steps toward democracy, beginning with the freeing of all political prisoners, we will take steps to begin normalizing relations.”

Clearly the public statements of Obama seem to contradict the views that we see reported. One could very well wonder if Mr Moratino received promises from Obama’s advisors that the American electorate was not privy to.  Similarly, does Sarah Stephens, also the director of the Center for Democracy in the Americas, have the influence inside of Obama’s inner circle to feel confident, in spite of the candidate’s promise to the Cuba community, that the embargo will be lifted without any conditions? The assertion of Felipe Perez Roque, Cuba’s foreign minister, about the embargo probably reflects his desire to divert attention from the horrible Human Rights record and the economic debacle in Cuba. This economic disaster, long preceding the devastating hurricanes, continues unabated. The fact that the US is the fifth largest trader with Cuba takes the steam out of the constant jeremiad of the Cuban government about the US embargo.

As part of a wonderful tradition, US citizens pledge to support whichever candidate is elected. In spite of personally not having supported candidate Obama, I pledge my support for president-elect Obama. I hope that president Obama also upholds the pledge he made to the Cuban community during his campaign.

Jose A Hernandez, MD
President, CubaNet
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Escríbanos con sus opiniones a cubaresponde@cubaresponde.org
Las cartas deberán de incluir el título del articulo, y el nombre completo y ciudad del autor. Algunas de estas serán publicadas como comentarios al final del artículo.

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Obama is the choice of the dissidents in Cuba? – Nov 1, 2008

Monday, November 3rd, 2008
Apparently Mr Obama is the choice if we are to believe Mr Jorge Mas Santo, president of the Cuban American National Foundation, but …

A recent piece in the Washignton Post (included below) by Jorge Mas Santo, president of the Cuban American National Foundation (CANF), alludes to the possibility that candidate Obama is the choice of the dissidents in the island. This insinuation is obvious in the last sentence consisting of a somewhat rhetorical question, which reads:”If dissidents in Cuba had a vote in our election, for whom would they vote?”

By itself the question seems perfectly innocuous but, given that this question follows a series of pronouncements attacking the Bush administration on policy positions towards Cuba, the answer Mr Mas Santo intends is obvious: the choice would be Obama.

Among the policy issues that Mr Mas Santo brandishes to support his view are the remittances and travel limitations imposed by the Bush administration that CANF would like to see lifted. I basically support the policies that Mr Mas Santos presents, and so have written on this blog (see “Cuba thwarts humanitarian efforts” – 09/28/08), but I can’t quite reach the conclusion that the democratic opposition in the island would support Mr. Obama. (In fairness, I must stress that Mr Mas Santos did not say that they supported the Democratic candidate but he certainly implied it.)

Although it is true that no one knows the answer to the query presented in the Washington Post article, it is telling what the Republican party under President Bush has done to bolster the opposition in Cuba. Intending to raise the status of the dissidents in the islands, the president has held videoconference with democratic activists in Cuba. In this blog we have exhorted Mr. Obama to hold similar conferences but the advice has fallen on deaf ears. To be fair, the exhortation was addressed to both candidates and neither has effectuated such action. This inaction by both candidates could be viewed as an equivalent lack of concern toward the democratic forces in Cuba. But there are some very telling differences. Mr. Obama says he would meet with the Castro regime unconditionally without mention of the despicable human rights record in the island, while Mr. McCain always cites the miserable human rights record as an obstacle.

This apathetic view or ignorance of Mr. Obama towards the human rights violations in the island is telling and probably would have an effect on which candidate the dissidents would support. In my opinion, to allude, as does Mr Mas Santos, that the dissidents would support Obama, taken in consideration this apathy, is inappropriate and misleading.

Jose A Hernandez, MD
President, CubaResponde

Additional comment: It has been brought to my attention that neither candidate should have been involved in foreign policy issues, a field that only the President should manage. This means that my original advice to contact the dissidents, aimed to both Obama and McCain, was inappropriate, in addition it was insignificant since neither responded; but the distinction between the two candidates presented, as it relates to their concerns about Cuba, remains valid.

To read the complet article by Jorge Mas Santo titled “How to Win the Cuban American Vote”, please press “Continue leyendo” below.

How to Win the Cuban American Vote
By Jorge Mas Santos
Saturday, October 25, 2008; A15
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/24/AR2008102402716_pf.html

U.S. policy toward Cuba is at best static and at worst counterproductive, a source of increasing frustration to many Cuban Americans. This sad status quo contributes to the challenge that Cuban Americans will face on Election Day as, once again, particularly in Florida, our vote will probably help determine the next occupant of the White House.

The overwhelming majority of Cuban Americans expect the next president to abandon today’s failed “wait and hope” policy and adopt a policy of support and engagement directed toward opening new avenues of freedom for the Cuban people as well as enhancing stability in the United States.

The Cuban American National Foundation, the nation’s largest Cuban exile organization, has a predominantly Republican membership. Yet our fundamental interest is not partisan politics but helping to restore freedom to our brothers and sisters on the island.

We entered the new millennium expecting U.S. policy toward Cuba to follow the effective model of the West’s support for Poland’s Solidarity movement and civil society across Eastern Europe. It was our hope that by seeking to empower Cuba’s independent civil society through unlimited support for the brave men and women on the island opposing the Castro regime, the energy and resources of the Cuban American community would be unleashed. To this end, we have been sorely disappointed.

As a direct result of President Bush’s strategic blunder in 2004 restricting contact with the island, Cuban dissidents have experienced a significant reduction in material and humanitarian assistance. They are also subject to a ban on receiving cash remittances that help them and their families survive. The isolation of these and other Cubans has increased while Fidel Castro’s departure from office caught the Bush administration off guard. Together, these developments have helped Raúl Castro consolidate control over the Cuban people.

These failures in U.S. policy undermine important American interests. Just as a democratic Israel is a key U.S. friend in a critical region, a democratic Cuba would be a crucial ally in furthering democracy in Latin America. Cuba is important, also, because the dissatisfaction of its people under the Castro regime is bound to have a significant effect on Floridians and Cuban Americans nationwide. It has in the past.

The next president must put a stop to America’s spectator approach. To this end, we have presented the campaigns of Sens. John McCain and Barack Obama with simple recommendations based on two basic premises: (a) the status quo is unacceptable; and (b) change needs to come from within Cuba. Our specific recommendations are:

· Change the rules that make it impossible to send cash aid and allow direct, substantial and unfettered aid to Cuba’s dissidents.

· Lift the 2004 restrictions on travel and remittances by Cuban Americans. Removing the handcuffs that have prevented us from becoming active participants in the development of Cuban civil society will make us agents of change.

· Maintain sanctions that diminish the Castro regime’s access to hard currency, which it uses to help fund its apparatus of repression.

· Engage democratic and reformist forces in Cuba, including those in the military and in the civilian government. They need to know that they can count on the friendship and support of the United States.

· Rebuild our intelligence capabilities in Cuba; they have been dismantled over the past decade, creating a vulnerability in this nation’s security.

Both presidential candidates have made clear that they want to help the Cuban people achieve freedom. But Barack Obama’s forward-looking and proactive approach toward empowering the Cuban people is more in line with these proposals than John McCain’s vow to continue the Bush administration’s policy.

More of the same will not bring about freedom in Cuba, and more must be done to directly assist Cuba’s opposition movement. Cuban Americans are wary of empty promises. But on Nov. 4, before casting ballots, we will ask ourselves two important questions: Who will adopt a proactive policy toward Cuba, and if dissidents in Cuba had a vote in our election, for whom would they vote?

The writer is chairman of the Cuban American National Foundation.

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Escríbanos con sus opiniones a cubaresponde@cubaresponde.org
Las cartas deberán de incluir el título del articulo, y el nombre completo y ciudad del autor. Algunas de estas serán publicadas como comentarios al final del artículo.

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